With the 3DR Solo application on iOS or Android, no. The phone is where it gets the follow GPS location from, but the phone has to be within WiFi range of the controller, since the controller is the WiFi access point it talks to.
The Solex app on Android has the ability to do this in a slightly different manner. You can put the Solex Target app on another android device, and that device can send follow location data back to your phone on the controller running Solex. Both devices will require mobile data since the data is sent from the target app to the controller app over the internet.